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We previously identified and characterized a glutamateand magnesium-sensitive PP2A-like phosphatase (GAPP), which dephosphorylated and activated acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) in the islet β cell. Herein, we studied potential regulatory mechanisms by which GAPP is activated by glutamate and magnesium, and also quantitated the degree of activation, by glutamate- and magnesium, of ACC in normal rat islets...
Epidemiological studies have found obesity to be a risk factor for women’s breast cancer. The present study was to investigate whether there is a relationship between serum levels of leptin, insulin, and lipids and breast cancer incidence, in order to find experimental evidence that would be helpful in the diagnosis and prevention of breast cancer. Blood samples were collected from 130 patients with...
Overexpression of androgen receptors (AR) in PC-3 cell, and treatment of 5α-dihydrotestosterone in LNCaP cells lead to the suppression of VDR transactivation. Competition for shared coregulators between AR and VDR is one possible mechanism to explain the suppressive effect of androgen-AR signals on VDR activity. Among the AR coregulators we tested, ARA54, ARA70, supervillin, and gelsolin were found...
Aging could be due to the accumulation of oxidative damage. On the other hand, growth hormone (GH) and estrogen deficiency induce deleterious effects on different tissues, and hormonal replacement could counteract these effects. We have investigated whether GH and estrogen administration modify some parameters related to oxidative stress and inflammation in hepatocytes isolated from old ovariectomized...
In the vertebrate brain, the thalamus serves as a relay and integration station for diverse neuronal information en route from the periphery to the cortex. Deficiency of TH during development results in severe cerebral abnormalities similar to those seen in the mouse when the retinoic acid receptor (ROR)α gene is disrupted. To investigate the effect of the thyroid hormone receptors (TRs) on RORα gene...
An increase of insulin resistance and a worsening of lipid profile during 6 mo of military service in young male Finnish population has previously been shown by us. The present study demonstrates unfavorable changes of serum adiponectin concentrations and their association with weight loss in these particular circumstances. Adiponectin in a range of 4.3–21.2 μg/mL was present in the serum samples...
We examined the effects of ovariectomy and castration on the histology of cyclophosphamide (CP)-induced cystitis in rats. The animals were injected with CP (100 mg/kg) or saline intraperitoneally twice with an intervening 4 d and were euthanized at 1 or 2 wk after the initial CP administration. Saline treatment did not cause an apparent histological change in the bladder regardless of surgery, i.e...
Our previous work has described the gene expression patterns of human visceral adipose tissue (VAT) at the transcriptome level and reported that the strongly expressed genes in VAT showed an uneven distribution throughout the genome. The aim of the present work was to focus on the unclassified genes and known expressed sequence tags (ESTs) strongly expressed in VAT and analyze their structure and...
In a recent epidemiological screening study in an autopsy series, we found a high prevalence of microcarcinomas (MCs) (21/443=4.74%). We found no iodine intake-, gender-, or age-dependent differences in the prevalence of MCs. The results suggest a different and benign behavior of MCs compared to clinical cancer. The role of cyclin D1 overexpression in the pathogenesis of thyroid tumors is not known...
Pueraria mirifica (PM), a Thai herb containing phytoestrogens, may act as estrogen and disturb reproduction. To investigate the effect of PM on the menstrual cycle length and related hormones, nine adult female monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) were separated into three groups. Each group (n=3) was fed with 10, 100, and 1000 mg/d of PM for three menstrual cycles. The menstrual cycle length increased...
The role of Src tyrosine kinase in regulating reproductive processes in female mice was investigated using Src wild-type (+/+), heterozygous (+/−), and knockout (−/−) mice. Ovarian Src kinase activity transiently increased in Src +/+ mice following eCG administration. Src knockout mice were infertile. Estrous cycles and vaginal opening in Src knockouts were variable and altered compared with Src +/+...
IGF-I is an anabolic growth factor essential for growth and development, both as a mediator of growth hormone (GH) action and as a local stimulator of cell proliferation and differentiation. Although the importance of IGF-I in postnatal growth has been studied for several decades, its functions in pathological states are not fully understood. The weaver (wv) mutant mouse is a commonly used model for...
We report three patients who developed hypopituitarism as a late complication of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). Their past history, physical examination, and endocrine investigation confirmed hypopituitarism. Magnetic resonance imaging of the pituitary revealed atrophic pituitary gland with an empty sella. Hemorrhagic fever is endemic in certain regions of the Balkans, and this preliminary...
Sarcosine1, glycine8 angiotensin II (SG Ang II) displayed unusual characteristics in early pharmacological studies. It was a potent antagonist of the dipsogenic actions of intracerebroventricularly administered Ang II in the rat, but showed low affinity for bovine cerebellar Ang II receptors. It has recently been shown that SG Ang II binds preferentially to the AT1 receptor, To determine if SG Ang...
Neonatal monosodium l-glutamate (MSG) treatment destroys hypothalamic arcuate nucleus neuronal bodies, thus inducing several metabolic abnormalities. As a result, rats develop a phenotype characterized by hyperleptinemia and by impaired NPY but normal prepro-orexin hypothalamic mRNAs expression. Thus, our study was designed to explore whether hypothalamic effects of orexin A on food intake and glucocorticoid...
The age-related changes in acute insulin response after glucose loading and the influence of suppression of body weight gain were investigated by using blood samples from portal and peripheral veins. We placed indwelling catheters in the portal vein of 12- and 24-wk-old Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima fatty (OLETF) rats (n=8, 12), and age-matched control Long-Evans Tokushima Otsuka (LETO) rats (n=8, 6)...
There now is evidence that many of the synthetic chemicals released into the environment can impact on the function of the endocrine system of many organisms. One group of chemicals, the alkylphenols, used in paints, pesticides, herbicides, detergents, and plastics, has been found to have the ability to bind estrogen receptors. This estrogenic property makes these compounds potentially hazardous to...
Senescence is associated with enhanced risk of cardiovascular diseases. It is generally considered that decline in growth hormones (such as insulin-like growth factor I), intrinsic myocardial and endothelial functions, as well as accumuation of reactive oxygen species with increased age may contribute to cardiovascular senescence. It is believed that heart function, especially cardiac reserve declines...
The ovaries’ innervation arrives via the superior ovarian nerve, which originates from the celiac ganglion. Using True Blue as an antidromic marker, the present study analyzed the changes in the anatomical relation between each ovary and the prevertebral celiac-superior mesenteric ganglia during the estrous cycle. The number of labeled neurons increased from the day of diestrus 1 to the day of proestrus...
The present study aims mainly at measuring, in normal rats, the GLP-1 response to oral intake of an olive oil-enriched diet (OO), and at assessing the long-term effects of such a diet on the GLP-1 content of the intestinal tract, as well as the plasma d-glucose, insulin, and GLP-1 pattern during an oral glucose tolerance test. In meal-trained rats, the mean increment in plasma GLP-1 concentration...
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